Nearlyhalfofthe0-6-year-oldchildreninYangpuDistrictareex⁃posedtoelectronicscreensfor0.5to2hoursaday,and15.8%morethan2hours.Onlyaboutone-thirdhaveanexposuretimeoflessthanhalfanhour.

　　Alarge-scalechildhealthedu⁃cationcampaignwasheldinWujia⁃ochangkindergarten,whereasur⁃veywasreleasedthatshowsthattelevisions,computers,tablets,mo⁃bilephonesandotherelectronicproductsareinevitablyengagedinthegrowthofchildren,andactas"electronicnannies".WujiaochangCommunityHealthServiceCenteralsoconductedaquestionnairesur⁃veytoparentsofoverathousandchildrenfrom11nurseryinstitutionsinYangpu.

　　"Howeverupsetmychildis,he’llbefineimmediatelywhengivenatablet."Saidayoungfather,whowasagreedbymany.Whenparentsareusingtheirmobilephones,thechildrenalwayscomeforit,andresorttocryingwhennotgivenone;theelderlykeepstheTVonallthe time,and the children donothingbutwatchTV;parentsdonothaveenoughtimefortheirchildren,sotheylettabletstellstories and teach speakingforthem.Thoseareverycommoninmostfamilies.

　　However,theexpertssaidthatexposuretoelectronicproductsinveryyoungagesmaynotbeallgood.AccordingtoZhangJinsong,ChiefPhysicianofChildHealthcareandClinicalPsychologyofXinHuaHospitalAffiliatedtoShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofMedi⁃cine, hehadencounteredmanyanxiousparentswithchildrentocometotreatment."Looseatten⁃tion,social phobia, emotionalproblems,ADHD…manyoftheseproblemsaretheresultofelec⁃tronicproductscausedbyexces⁃sive exposure to electronics."ZhangJinsongsaid.

　　Thesurveyshowsthatalthoughnearly90%ofparentsareawareofthepossibleharmthatelectronicproductsmaycausetochildren'shealth,mostofthembelievetheharmismainlyonvision.ZhangJinsongpointedoutthatexcessiveuseofelectronicproductsnotonlyaffectthedevelopmentofchildren'svision,butalsolanguageskills,so⁃cialskills,attention,imagination,creativity,emotionandotheras⁃pectsofdevelopment.Expertssug⁃gestthatchildrenaged0-2shouldnotuseelectronicproducts,chil⁃drenwith2-6yearsoldshouldnotbeexposedtothemmorethan1houraday,witheachsessionlessthanhalfanhour.

　　ThesurveyalsofoundthatmanyAppsonmobilephonesandtabletsarewelldesignedandin⁃teresting,andmanyparentsliketoletthemteachtheirchildrenin⁃stead.Expertspointedoutthatthesoftwarehaveadvantagesanddis⁃advantages. Shen Lixiao, ChiefPhysicianofChildHealthcareofXin Hua Hospital Affiliated toShanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchoolofMedicine, said, "Theprogramisdesignedbypeople,andeventheinteractionispredeter⁃mined,whichisactuallypassivelearning.Thechildren’slanguage,socialandothercapacitiesarede⁃velopingveryfastinthisperiod,andtheyneedinitiativelearningtointeractwiththesurroundingenvi⁃ronmentandtheirpeersinsteadofmachines.”